Robert A. Ellis Jr.
University of Iowa
Physics
1954
plasma physics, nuclear fusion, cosmic rays
Electricity and Magnetism, Plasma Physics, Nuclear Physics, High-Energy Astrophysics, Advanced Laboratory Techniques
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Ellis_(physicist)
K12
Scientist Biography
Biographical information
Robert A. Ellis Jr. was born in Kansas City, Missouri in 1927. Ellis earned his bachelor's degree from Fisk University and his master's from Yale University. Ellis became an instructor at the Tennessee Agricultural & Industrial State College, at the time an all-Black institution (now Tennessee State University); Ellis later was promoted to full professor there. On leave from that position, he completed PhD work at the University of Iowa, where he was James Van Allen’s first PhD student. He designed payloads for balloon-launched rockets to study cosmic rays in the upper atmosphere. From the obituary in Physics Today, 'Van Allen' urged him to seek a position at a research university. But Bob’s commitment to black. In 1956, Ellis joined Project Matterhorn (later became the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory) to work in a group led by Lyman Spitzer Jr., who invented the stellarator. Remained at PPPL until his death in 1989. He committed to furthering international cooperation and collaboration in science, in various positions (including spending 6 months at the Institute of Nuclear Physics in Novosibirsk, USSR in 1969; 2 years as head of the physics section of the IAEA).
Relevant Concepts
Plasma Confinement, Nuclear PhysicsResearch Areas:
plasma physics, nuclear fusion, cosmic raysKey Contributions
Tokamaks and Stellarators are both machines used for energy fusion. Energy fusion could offer a solution to the energy crisis because it would offer an alternative energy source with an abundance of fuel and no greenhouse gasses or radioactive waste would be produced. Tokamaks and Stellarators are both fusion reactors that hold plasmas in magnetic fields that heat up to an extremely high temperature that is necessary for hydrogen nuclei to fuse together. Tokamaks are more common to encounter due to their ability to hold in plasma and maintain temperature easier than the Stellarators. Additionally, Tokamaks’ donut shape, opposed to the Stellarator’s more twisted ring shape, makes it easier to build and design. However, Stellarators do not have magnetic disruptions that Tokamaks have. Ellis worked on both Stellarators and Tokamaks.
Citations
- [1] https://pubs.aip.org/physicstoday/article/44/3/86/406525/Robert-A-Ellis-Jr
- [2] https://www.science.org/content/article/bizarre-reactor-might-save-nuclear-fusion
- [3] https://www.economist.com/science-and-technology/2015/10/24/stellar-work
- [4] https://www.energy.gov/science/doe-explainsfusion-energy-science